uncensored-send/internal/server/server.go

// Package server wires the HTTP surface onto the store and the token file.
package server

import (
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"html/template"
	"io"
	"io/fs"
	"log/slog"
	"net/http"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"uncensored-send/internal/auth"
	"uncensored-send/internal/config"
	"uncensored-send/internal/store"
	"uncensored-send/web"
)

// Server holds everything the handlers need. It is safe for concurrent use.
type Server struct {
	cfg    *config.Config
	store  *store.Store
	tokens *auth.File
	log    *slog.Logger

	pages   map[string]*template.Template
	handler http.Handler
	limiter *limiter
	// authLimiter is consumed only by failed credential attempts - a wrong
	// delete token or a wrong login - so correct ones are never delayed.
	authLimiter *limiter
	slots       chan struct{} // bounds uploads in flight

	// favicon is the name of the embedded icon, or "" when this build has
	// none. Resolved once: the assets cannot change while the process runs.
	favicon string

	now func() time.Time // swappable in tests
}

func New(cfg *config.Config, st *store.Store, tokens *auth.File, log *slog.Logger) (*Server, error) {
	pages, err := parsePages()
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	s := &Server{
		cfg:         cfg,
		store:       st,
		tokens:      tokens,
		log:         log,
		pages:       pages,
		limiter:     newLimiter(cfg.UploadRate, cfg.UploadBurst),
		authLimiter: newLimiter(120, 20),
		slots:       make(chan struct{}, cfg.MaxConcurrent),
		now:         time.Now,
		favicon:     faviconFor(web.Static()),
	}
	s.handler = s.routes()
	return s, nil
}

func (s *Server) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) { s.handler.ServeHTTP(w, r) }

// routes builds the mux and mounts it under the configured base path.
func (s *Server) routes() http.Handler {
	mux := http.NewServeMux()
	mux.HandleFunc("GET /{$}", s.handleIndex)
	mux.HandleFunc("POST /upload", s.handleUpload)
	mux.HandleFunc("GET /files", s.handleFiles)
	mux.HandleFunc("GET /d/{id}", s.handleDownload)
	mux.HandleFunc("GET /i/{id}", s.handleInfo)
	mux.HandleFunc("POST /d/{id}/delete", s.handleDelete)
	mux.HandleFunc("GET /login", s.handleLoginPage)
	mux.HandleFunc("POST /login", s.handleLogin)
	mux.HandleFunc("POST /logout", s.handleLogout)
	mux.Handle("GET /static/", http.StripPrefix("/static/", s.staticHandler()))
	if s.favicon != "" {
		mux.HandleFunc("GET /favicon.ico", s.handleFavicon)
	}
	mux.HandleFunc("/", s.handleNotFound)

	var h http.Handler = mux
	h = s.requireSameOrigin(h)
	h = s.securityHeaders(h)

	if s.cfg.BasePath == "/" {
		return h
	}
	// Mounted under a prefix: strip it, and send a bare prefix to the slashed
	// form so relative links on the page resolve correctly.
	prefix := strings.TrimSuffix(s.cfg.BasePath, "/")
	outer := http.NewServeMux()
	outer.Handle(s.cfg.BasePath, http.StripPrefix(prefix, h))
	outer.HandleFunc(prefix, func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		http.Redirect(w, r, s.cfg.BasePath, http.StatusMovedPermanently)
	})
	return outer
}

// staticHandler serves the embedded assets with a long, immutable-ish cache
// window kept short enough that an edit shows up without a cache-buster.
// faviconFor names the icon to serve, or "" when the build has none. The file
// is optional on purpose: none is committed, and dropping one into web/static
// before building is the whole of the installation procedure.
func faviconFor(fsys fs.FS) string {
	// A .png is preferred where both exist; every browser in service reads it,
	// and .ico survives only as the name the root request asks for.
	for _, name := range []string{"favicon.png", "favicon.ico"} {
		if f, err := fsys.Open(name); err == nil {
			f.Close()
			return name
		}
	}
	return ""
}

// handleFavicon answers the root request browsers make on their own, whichever
// of the two names the build supplied: a .png served here is still a .png, and
// the Content-Type says so.
func (s *Server) handleFavicon(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	w.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "public, max-age=300")
	http.ServeFileFS(w, r, web.Static(), s.favicon)
}

func (s *Server) staticHandler() http.Handler {
	fileServer := http.FileServerFS(web.Static())
	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		w.Header().Set("Cache-Control", "public, max-age=300")
		fileServer.ServeHTTP(w, r)
	})
}

// appCSP locks the application pages down to their own origin. The frontend has
// no inline script and no third-party anything, so this can be strict.
//
// connect-src is not optional here: the upload page posts to /upload over
// XMLHttpRequest to draw a progress bar, and every fetch-directive left
// unlisted falls back to default-src, so omitting it makes the browser block
// every upload before it reaches the network. See TestAppCSPAllowsWhatThePageDoes.
const appCSP = "default-src 'none'; script-src 'self'; style-src 'self'; " +
	"img-src 'self' data:; connect-src 'self'; form-action 'self'; " +
	"base-uri 'none'; frame-ancestors 'none'"

func (s *Server) securityHeaders(next http.Handler) http.Handler {
	return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
		h := w.Header()
		h.Set("X-Content-Type-Options", "nosniff")
		h.Set("Referrer-Policy", "no-referrer")
		h.Set("X-Frame-Options", "DENY")
		// The download handler replaces this with a far stricter policy.
		h.Set("Content-Security-Policy", appCSP)
		next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
	})
}

// --- credentials ---------------------------------------------------------

// errBadToken is returned when a credential is presented but not recognised.
// Presenting a wrong token fails the request rather than silently downgrading
// the caller to the anonymous tier, where a lower limit would be confusing.
var errBadToken = errors.New("unrecognised token")

// limitsFor resolves the effective permissions for a presented secret. An empty
// secret yields the anonymous tier.
//
// Verifying a chosen passphrase costs a deliberately slow key derivation, which
// makes an unverified credential an amplifier: a few requests a second carrying
// junk would keep a core busy. So a request that would need that work has to
// pay for it out of the same budget as a failed login. The result is memoised,
// so a real session derives once and every later request is a map lookup.
func (s *Server) limitsFor(r *http.Request, secret string) (auth.Limits, error) {
	if secret == "" {
		return auth.Anonymous(s.cfg), nil
	}
	if err := s.tokens.MaybeReload(); err != nil {
		s.log.Error("reloading token file", "err", err)
	}
	if !s.tokens.Resolved(secret) && !s.authLimiter.allow(clientIP(r, s.cfg), s.now()) {
		return auth.Limits{}, errBadToken
	}
	t := s.tokens.Lookup(secret)
	if t == nil {
		return auth.Limits{}, errBadToken
	}
	return t.Limits(s.cfg), nil
}

// bearer extracts a token from the Authorization header, if present.
func bearer(r *http.Request) string {
	h := r.Header.Get("Authorization")
	if v, ok := strings.CutPrefix(h, "Bearer "); ok {
		return strings.TrimSpace(v)
	}
	return ""
}

// --- rendering -----------------------------------------------------------

var pageNames = []string{"index.html", "result.html", "info.html", "error.html",
	"files.html", "login.html"}

// parsePages pairs each page with the shared layout. They cannot all be parsed
// into one template set because every page defines "content".
func parsePages() (map[string]*template.Template, error) {
	pages := make(map[string]*template.Template, len(pageNames))
	for _, name := range pageNames {
		t, err := template.New(name).ParseFS(web.Templates(),
			"templates/layout.html", "templates/"+name)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parsing %s: %w", name, err)
		}
		pages[name] = t
	}
	return pages, nil
}

// page carries the fields every template needs. Page-specific structs embed it.
type page struct {
	Base   string
	Title  string
	Script bool

	// User is the logged-in token's name, empty when nobody is logged in. The
	// header renders the whole session state from these two fields, so every
	// page agrees about who you are without any script involved.
	User  string
	Admin bool

	// Favicon is the icon's URL, empty when the build shipped none, in which
	// case the markup carries no link rather than one that 404s.
	Favicon string

	// Wide widens the page for content that is a table rather than a form.
	// The reading measure that suits the upload page is far too narrow for a
	// listing, which otherwise ends up behind a horizontal scrollbar.
	Wide bool
}

// page builds the common fields, resolving the session so the header can show
// who is logged in and offer only the links they can use.
func (s *Server) page(r *http.Request, title string, script bool) page {
	p := page{Base: s.cfg.BasePath, Title: title, Script: script}
	if s.favicon != "" {
		p.Favicon = s.cfg.BasePath + "static/" + s.favicon
	}
	if lim, err := s.limitsFor(r, cookieCredential(r)); err == nil {
		p.User, p.Admin = lim.Name, lim.Admin
	}
	return p
}

func (s *Server) render(w http.ResponseWriter, status int, name string, data any) {
	t, ok := s.pages[name]
	if !ok {
		http.Error(w, "template missing", http.StatusInternalServerError)
		return
	}
	// Render to memory first so a template failure cannot emit a half page
	// after the status line has already gone out.
	var buf strings.Builder
	if err := t.ExecuteTemplate(&buf, "layout", data); err != nil {
		s.log.Error("rendering page", "page", name, "err", err)
		http.Error(w, "internal error", http.StatusInternalServerError)
		return
	}
	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
	w.WriteHeader(status)
	io.WriteString(w, buf.String())
}

// --- errors --------------------------------------------------------------

// wantsJSON decides the response shape. The JS client asks for JSON explicitly;
// a plain form post from a browser leads with text/html.
func wantsJSON(r *http.Request) bool {
	accept := r.Header.Get("Accept")
	if strings.Contains(accept, "application/json") {
		return true
	}
	return !strings.Contains(accept, "text/html")
}

type errorPage struct {
	page
	Status  string
	Message string
}

// fail writes an error in whichever shape the caller asked for.
func (s *Server) fail(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, status int, msg string) {
	if wantsJSON(r) {
		writeJSON(w, status, map[string]string{"error": msg})
		return
	}
	s.render(w, status, "error.html", errorPage{
		page:    s.page(r, http.StatusText(status), false),
		Status:  fmt.Sprintf("%d %s", status, http.StatusText(status)),
		Message: msg,
	})
}

func (s *Server) handleNotFound(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
	s.fail(w, r, http.StatusNotFound, "No such page.")
}

// widePage is page for content that is a listing rather than a form.
func (s *Server) widePage(r *http.Request, title string) page {
	p := s.page(r, title, true)
	p.Wide = true
	return p
}